Incorrect Behavior Order: Validate Before Canonicalize

Summary

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.23, 3.x prior to 3.1.21 and 3.2.x prior to 3.2.6, `Rack::Static#applicable_rules` evaluates several `header_rules` types against the raw URL-encoded PATH_INFO, while the underlying file-serving path is decoded before the file is served. As a result, a request for a URL-encoded variant of a static path can serve the same file without the headers that `header_rules` were intended to apply. In deployments that rely on Rack::Static to attach security-relevant response headers to static content, this can allow an attacker to bypass those headers by requesting an encoded form of the path. This issue has been patched in versions 2.2.23, 3.1.21, and 3.2.6.