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Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

CVE-2025-57801

High
8.6/10

Summary

The package gnark is a zero-knowledge proof system framework. In github.com/Consensys/gnark package versions prior to 0.14.0, the "Verify" function in "eddsa.go" and "ecdsa.go" used the `S` value from a signature without asserting that `0 < S < order`, leading to a signature malleability vulnerability. Because gnark's native EdDSA and ECDSA circuits lack essential constraints, multiple distinct witnesses can satisfy the same public inputs. In protocols where nullifiers or anti-replay checks are derived from `R` and `S`, this enables signature malleability and may allow double spending.

  • LOW
  • NETWORK
  • HIGH
  • UNCHANGED
  • NONE
  • NONE
  • NONE
  • HIGH

CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

A cryptographic protocol is meant to ensure that services are provided in a secure manner. An application with absent or improper verification of cryptographic signatures allows malicious users to feed false messages to valid users or to disclose sensitive data, subverting the goals of the protocol. This can lead to security failures such as false authentication, account hijacking, and privilege escalation.

References

Advisory Timeline

  • Published