Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

Summary

minimatch is a minimal matching utility for converting glob expressions into JavaScript RegExp objects. All versions starting from 3.0.0 and prior to 3.1.4, 4.0.0 and prior to 4.2.5, 5.0.0 and prior to 5.1.8, 6.0.0 and prior to 6.2.2, 7.0.0 and prior to 7.4.8, 8.0.0 and prior to 8.0.6, 9.0.0 and prior to 9.0.7, and 10.0.0 and prior to 10.2.3, nested `*()` extglobs produce regexps with nested unbounded quantifiers (e.g. `(?:(?:a|b)*)*`), which exhibit catastrophic backtracking in V8. With a 12-byte pattern `*(*(*(a|b)))` and an 18-byte non-matching input, `minimatch()` stalls for over 7 seconds. Adding a single nesting level or a few input characters pushes this to minutes. This is the most severe finding: it is triggered by the default `minimatch()` API with no special options, and the minimum viable pattern is only 12 bytes. The same issue affects `+()` extglobs equally. Versions 10.2.3, 9.0.7, 8.0.6, 7.4.8, 6.2.2, 5.1.8, 4.2.5, and 3.1.4 fix the issue.